I setup Nginx as the frontend server, and Apache as the backend to serve
only PHP for Wordpress, however, after checking the headers I found
Apache is sending cache-control, and other headers that should only be
handled from the Nginx configuration. This leads me to believe that
Apache may be serving the static as well as PHP files, when it should
only be serving the PHP files.
To isolate the issue I tried using fastcgi_pass with php-fcgi, and found
the headers were only generated by Nginx as it should be.
When using Nginx as Frontend, and Apache as the backend proxy to serve
PHP I configured (The full example at the bottom of this post shows the
entire configuration):
#static files
location ~
.(js|css|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|flv|mp3|mpg|mpeg|zip|tgz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|pdf|ppt|tar|mid|midi|wav|bmp|rtf)$
{
#statics files handled by WP Super Cache
location ~ .(gz|html|meta|htm|xml|txt)$ {
dynamic PHP files handled by Apache
location / {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8008;
}
The above config allows Nginx to act as the frontend, and Apache to act
as the backend, but Apache and Nginx both send cache-control and other
headers, so I am not sure if Apache is handling all the content and not
just PHP.
To Isolate Apache to serve only PHP files I tried this configuration:
#static files
location ~
.(js|css|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|flv|mp3|mpg|mpeg|zip|tgz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|pdf|ppt|tar|mid|midi|wav|bmp|rtf)$
{
#statics files handled by WP Super Cache
location / {
dynamic PHP files handled by Apache
location ~ \.php$ {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8008;
}
Note the WP Supercache files are now “/” and the apache proxy now has
the regular expression “~ .php$” After loading this configuration the
homepage would load, but when I tried to go to a single post page I
would be forwarded back to the homepage.
When I configure Nginx as the frontend and php-fcgi to serve PHP I am
able to use the regular expression “~ .php$” with fastcgi_pass that
does not work with proxy_pass:
fastcgi_pass
location ~ .php$ {
#static files
location ~
.(js|css|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|flv|mp3|mpg|mpeg|zip|tgz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|pdf|ppt|tar|mid|midi|wav|bmp|rtf)$
{
#statics files handled by WP Super Cache
location ~ .(gz|html|meta|htm|xml|txt)$ {
With fastcgi_pass I can now switch from “/” for the WP Super Cache files
to a more specific regular expression “~ .(gz|html|meta|htm|xml|txt)$”
I can also use the regular expression “~ .php$” with fastcgi_pass so I
can be 100% certain that php-fcgi is only serving PHP files, and nothing
else.
How can I configure Nginx as the fronend, and Apache as the backend to
serve only PHP, and nothing else, not even cache-control headers, or is
that a normal response that doesn’t mean Apache is serving anything but
PHP? How can I analyze the Nginx and Apache responses to be sure Apache
is only handling PHP?
Full examples below:
######### Nginx as Frontend, and Apache as the backend proxy to serve
PHP ######
server {
server_name www.mydomain.com;
listen 80;
error_page 404 http://www.mydomain.com/e404.php;
location ~
.(js|css|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|flv|mp3|mpg|mpeg|zip|tgz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|pdf|ppt|tar|mid|midi|wav|bmp|rtf)$
{
root /var/www/mydomain;
expires max;
gzip on;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_comp_level 3;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json
application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss
text/javascript;
gzip_buffers 16 8k;
gzip_disable “MSIE [1-6].”;
break;
}
location ~ \.(gz|html|meta|htm|xml|txt)$ {
root /var/www/mydomain;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
expires off;
gzip on;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_comp_level 3;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json
application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss
text/javascript;
gzip_buffers 16 8k;
gzip_disable “MSIE [1-6].”;
if the requested file exists, return it immediately
if (-f $request_filename) {
break;
}
set $supercache_file '';
set $supercache_uri $request_uri;
if ($request_method = POST) {
set $supercache_uri '';
}
Using pretty permalinks, so bypass the cache for any query string
if ($query_string) {
set $supercache_uri '';
}
if ($http_cookie ~*
“comment_author_|wordpress|wp-postpass_” ) {
set $supercache_uri ‘’;
}
if we haven’t bypassed the cache, specify our supercache file
if ($supercache_uri ~ ^(.+)$) {
set $supercache_file
/wp-content/cache/supercache/$http_host/$1index.html;
}
only rewrite to the supercache file if it actually exists
if (-f $document_root$supercache_file) {
rewrite ^(.*)$ $supercache_file break;
}
all other requests go to Wordpress
if (!-e $request_filename) {
rewrite . /index.php last;
}
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
}
# To Serve PHP files with Apache as a backend
location / {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8008;
}
}
######### Nginx as Frontend, and PHP-FCGI to serve PHP ######
server {
server_name www.mydomain.com;
listen 80;
error_page 404 http://www.mydomain.com/e404.php;
# For php-fcgi if implemented
location ~ \.php$ {
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9001;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME
/var/www/mydomain$fastcgi_script_name;
}
location ~
.(js|css|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|flv|mp3|mpg|mpeg|zip|tgz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|pdf|ppt|tar|mid|midi|wav|bmp|rtf)$
{
root /var/www/mydomain;
expires max;
gzip on;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_comp_level 3;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json
application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss
text/javascript;
gzip_buffers 16 8k;
gzip_disable “MSIE [1-6].”;
break;
}
location ~ \.(gz|html|meta|htm|xml|txt)$ {
root /var/www/mydomain;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
expires off;
gzip on;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_comp_level 3;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json
application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss
text/javascript;
gzip_buffers 16 8k;
gzip_disable “MSIE [1-6].”;
if the requested file exists, return it immediately
if (-f $request_filename) {
break;
}
set $supercache_file '';
set $supercache_uri $request_uri;
if ($request_method = POST) {
set $supercache_uri '';
}
Using pretty permalinks, so bypass the cache for any query string
if ($query_string) {
set $supercache_uri '';
}
if ($http_cookie ~*
“comment_author_|wordpress|wp-postpass_” ) {
set $supercache_uri ‘’;
}
if we haven’t bypassed the cache, specify our supercache file
if ($supercache_uri ~ ^(.+)$) {
set $supercache_file
/wp-content/cache/supercache/$http_host/$1index.html;
}
only rewrite to the supercache file if it actually exists
if (-f $document_root$supercache_file) {
rewrite ^(.*)$ $supercache_file break;
}
all other requests go to Wordpress
if (!-e $request_filename) {
rewrite . /index.php last;
}
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
}
}
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