# Rails 3.0: ActionController::Base render()

**URL:** <https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/rails-3-0-actioncontroller-base-render/181830>\
**Category:** Rails\
**Created:** [January 18, 2010, 11:06pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/rails-3-0-actioncontroller-base-render/181830 "2010-01-18T23:06:45Z")\
**Posts on this page:** 1\
**Page:** 1

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**Author:** ![artemave](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/a/59ef9b/32.png) [@artemave](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/artemave)\
**Post date:** [January 18, 2010, 11:06pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/rails-3-0-actioncontroller-base-render/181830/1 "2010-01-18T23:06:45Z")

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Can anyone explain where render() comes from in  
ActionController::Base?  
I managed to trace it down only that far:  
ActionController::Base includes ActionController::Rendering where  
render() method is defined. This definition however calls to render of  
the superclass. Superclass is ActionController::Metal. Which in its  
turn inherits from AbstractController::Base. None of those have render  
() either defined or included.

Now, presumably it comes from AbstractController::Rendering, but I’m  
really missing how it gets included.

Thanks,  
Artem.