# Inserting datetime value into SQL Server

**URL:** <https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768>\
**Category:** Rails\
**Created:** [July 18, 2006, 12:40am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768 "2006-07-18T00:40:30Z")\
**Posts on this page:** 19\
**Page:** 1

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 18, 2006, 12:40am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/1 "2006-07-18T00:40:30Z")

</div>

I have a SQL Server column named StartTime of (SQL Server) type datetime

If I attempt to set the attribute using

public  
def StartTime=(time)  
write\_attribute(:StartTime, “{ts ‘1899-12-30  
#{time.hour}:#{time.min}:#{time.sec}’}”)  
end

it’s inserting a NULL value.

Anyone else able to successfully insert a date time value into a SQL  
Server table using AR?

Thanks,  
Wes

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 18, 2006, 12:51am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/2 "2006-07-18T00:51:55Z")

</div>

Looks like the sqlserver adapter for AR only supports Time objects to  
represent datetimes in SQL Server, and Time objects start in 1970.

I will try using the odbc connection.

=========================================

def type\_cast(value)  
return nil if value.nil? || value =~ /^\s_null\s_$/i  
case type  
when :string then value  
when :integer then value == true || value == false ? value ==  
true ? 1 : 0 : value.to\_i  
when :float then value.to\_f  
when :datetime then cast\_to\_datetime(value)  
when :timestamp then cast\_to\_time(value)  
when :time then cast\_to\_time(value)  
when :date then cast\_to\_datetime(value)  
when :boolean then value == true or (value =~ /^t(rue)?$/i) ==  
0 or value.to\_s == ‘1’  
else value  
end  
end

```
  def cast_to_time(value)
    return value if value.is_a?(Time)
    time_array = ParseDate.parsedate(value)
    time_array[0] ||= 2000
    time_array[1] ||= 1
    time_array[2] ||= 1
    Time.send(Base.default_timezone, *time_array) rescue nil
  end

  def cast_to_datetime(value)
    if value.is_a?(Time)
      if value.year != 0 and value.month != 0 and value.day != 0
        return value
      else
        return Time.mktime(2000, 1, 1, value.hour, value.min, 

```

value.sec) rescue nil  
end  
end  
return cast\_to\_time(value) if value.is\_a?(Date) or  
value.is\_a?(String) rescue nil  
value  
end

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 18, 2006, 1:30am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/3 "2006-07-18T01:30:04Z")

</div>

This is the only way I could get it to work - sigh - is this really  
necessary? I guess I should get to work on the ol’ SQL Server driver  
:).

public  
def update\_attributes!(attributes)  
time = self.StartTime  
super  
self.connection.execute("UPDATE JobData " +  
"SET StartTime = {ts ‘1899-12-30  
#{time.hour}:#{time.min}:#{time.sec}’} " +  
“WHERE JobReferenceNumber =  
#{self.JobReferenceNumber}”)  
end

This overrides an update\_attributes! method that I created in  
environment.rb.

Wes

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 18, 2006, 7:10pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/4 "2006-07-18T19:10:39Z")

</div>

Wes,

You’re right, the SQL Server adapter doesn’t work well with  
dates/times before 1970. This is due both to the limits in ruby’s  
Time class, and the fact that SQL Server doesn’t have separate column  
types for dates and times.

But it’s not all bad news. There’s a patch in the works to mimic date  
columns, using a discoverable constraint to mark a datetime column as  
date only.

Also, the version of the adapter in trunk should return DateTime  
objects for given attributes if you use  
read\_attribute\_without\_typecast. It _should_ (as in, I haven’t  
actually tested but from the top of my head) also be possible to write  
a datetime attribute directly with a DateTime object, i.e

object.StartTime=DateTime.new(1900, 1, 12, 12, 34, 00) # =\> 1900-01-12  
12:34:00

Tom

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 18, 2006, 8:48pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/5 "2006-07-18T20:48:24Z")

</div>

Something else I noticed (I wrote this before I gave up):

Thanks very much. I am able to successfully call  
StartTime\_before\_type\_cast() in my getter and this seems to return a  
Datetime object.

However, the auto-magic parameter setting still fails because Rails  
takes my 6 DateTime element fields and happily shoves them into a Time  
object.

So either I can attempt to intercept/redefine the code that takes  
StartTime(1i), StartTime(2i), etc. and turns it into the Time object  
that ultimately gets passed to StartTime=

OR

I can use attr\_protected to keep the StartTime field from getting  
updated by default when I submit my form, and then manage have the  
controller tell the object to update itself based on the params hash?

But again, I think that it’s a non-issue because I probably will have to  
drop into SQL to get the INSERT statement to work.

Wes

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 18, 2006, 8:44pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/6 "2006-07-18T20:44:04Z")

</div>

Tom W. wrote:

> Wes,
> 
> You’re right, the SQL Server adapter doesn’t work well with  
> dates/times before 1970. This is due both to the limits in ruby’s  
> Time class, and the fact that SQL Server doesn’t have separate column  
> types for dates and times.
> 
> But it’s not all bad news. There’s a patch in the works to mimic date  
> columns, using a discoverable constraint to mark a datetime column as  
> date only.
> 
> Also, the version of the adapter in trunk should return DateTime  
> objects for given attributes if you use  
> read\_attribute\_without\_typecast. It _should_ (as in, I haven’t  
> actually tested but from the top of my head) also be possible to write  
> a datetime attribute directly with a DateTime object, i.e
> 
> object.StartTime=DateTime.new(1900, 1, 12, 12, 34, 00) # =\> 1900-01-12  
> 12:34:00
> 
> Tom

Tom,

This is all good, but I believe that ultimately, I’ll still have to do  
the hard update because of the string formatting on the INSERT  
statement, which doesn’t seem to be able to handle DateTimes well.

And frankly, I don’t want to have to jump through all these hoops just  
to update a freaking datetime column.

Thanks for the help,  
Wes

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 18, 2006, 8:53pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/7 "2006-07-18T20:53:25Z")

</div>

One last thing:

Doesn’t the fact that ActiveRecord uses Time (instead of DateTime)  
values internally to represent database datetime columns imply that on  
_no_ database platform will anyone be able to store a date prior to  
1970?

WG

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 19, 2006, 9:11am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/8 "2006-07-19T09:11:47Z")

</div>

On 18/07/06, Wes G. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid) wrote:

> So either I can attempt to intercept/redefine the code that takes  
> drop into SQL to get the INSERT statement to work.  
> This is obviously a situation that needs improving. I’ll take a look  
> at how to ensure that DateTime objects are stored correctly (even if  
> they’re not retrieved well). Perhaps it should be possible to mark a  
> column as DateTime only to force the adapter to always return DateTime  
> objects.

Tom

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 19, 2006, 5:16pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/9 "2006-07-19T17:16:26Z")

</div>

Tom W. wrote:

> On 18/07/06, Wes G. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid) wrote:
> 
> > So either I can attempt to intercept/redefine the code that takes  
> > drop into SQL to get the INSERT statement to work.  
> > This is obviously a situation that needs improving. I’ll take a look  
> > at how to ensure that DateTime objects are stored correctly (even if  
> > they’re not retrieved well). Perhaps it should be possible to mark a  
> > column as DateTime only to force the adapter to always return DateTime  
> > objects.
> 
> Tom

After much cogitating, I see two issues that I ran across here:

1. The coercion of datetime columns into Time objects by AR allows the  
automatic update of time components back into the model but imposes  
unreasonable limits on the values of your datetime model attributes.  
This is an issue with ActiveRecord::Base as far as I can tell.

2. There is poor support for writing datetime values back into SQL  
Server (I may be missing some info. here), without being forced to drop  
into SQL.

Tom, are you involved with the SQL Server adapter, then?

Wes

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 19, 2006, 9:08am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/10 "2006-07-19T09:08:36Z")

</div>

On 18/07/06, Wes G. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid) wrote:

> One last thing:
> 
> Doesn’t the fact that ActiveRecord uses Time (instead of DateTime)  
> values internally to represent database datetime columns imply that on  
> _no_ database platform will anyone be able to store a date prior to  
> 1970?

Dates can be stored on other databases using the Date type (which goes  
back way earlier than 1970) mapped to date columns. This is what the  
new patch will attempt to mimic. Not all databases have date columns  
though, so isn’t a problem exclusive to SQL Server.

You’re right though that all adapters (as far as I’m aware) have some  
problem with DateTimes.

Tom

Tom

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 19, 2006, 5:43pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/11 "2006-07-19T17:43:38Z")

</div>

On 19/07/06, Wes G. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid) wrote:

> 1. The coercion of datetime columns into Time objects by AR allows the  
> automatic update of time components back into the model but imposes  
> unreasonable limits on the values of your datetime model attributes.  
> This is an issue with ActiveRecord::Base as far as I can tell.

I think the ‘rails way’ past this limitation is to use two columns,  
one for date and one for time. Of course this isn’t possible using  
the SQL Server adapter as it has no date column type (hence attempts  
to mimic a date type)

> 1. There is poor support for writing datetime values back into SQL  
> Server (I may be missing some info. here), without being forced to drop  
> into SQL.

This should be easy to fix.

> Tom, are you involved with the SQL Server adapter, then?

Yeah, I’m the maintainer as of a couple of weeks ago. I’ve been  
slowly working through the issues in trac (before it went down),  
fixing failing tests and other minor issues, etc. Next step is to  
improve functionality, with Date/time handling being one of the key  
areas that need sorting out. I’m planning to work on the problems  
that affect only SQL Server before going on to those that affect  
ActiveRecord as a whole. I’d welcome any thoughts on how you feel it  
should work, particularly regarding your first point. It’s pretty  
clear to me that the second issue, writing DateTime attributes, should  
just work. If it doesn’t, it needs fixing.

Tom

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 19, 2006, 6:02pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/12 "2006-07-19T18:02:49Z")

</div>

On Jul 19, 2006, at 17:39, Tom W. wrote:

> should work, particularly regarding your first point. It’s pretty  
> clear to me that the second issue, writing DateTime attributes, should  
> just work. If it doesn’t, it needs fixing.

I found an issue last week. Using Date attributes back and forth  
worked flawlessly in SQL Server until a one in Spanish entered the  
project. The convertion fails with an out of range, but in the  
googling I’ve done looks like the ISO format the adapter uses is not  
language dependent, so I can’t understand what happens. The trace  
goes below just in case it helps.

– fxn

DBI::DatabaseError: 22008 (242) [Microsoft][ODBC  
SQL Server Driver][SQL Server]La conversi¾n del tipo de datos char a  
datetime p  
odujo un valor datetime fuera de intervalo.: INSERT INTO movimientos  
([carpeta]  
[otras\_caracteristicas], [fecha\_valor], [importe\_operacion],  
[fecha\_operacion]  
[oficina], [referencia\_1], [remite], [referencia\_2], [divisa],  
[concepto], [cr  
ado\_en], [cuenta], [concepto\_especifico], [entidad], [saldo],  
[estado]) VALUES(  
53386185’, ‘C00607-060714-105544-0095’, ‘2006-07-14’, 235500,  
‘2006-07-14’, ‘23  
5 - POZUELO DE ALARCON - ESTACION - AV. JUAN PABLO II, 5 ‘, ‘’,  
‘REMPO’, ‘’, ‘E  
R’, ‘INGRESO POR VALIDAR’, ‘2006-07-14 11:07:15’,  
‘21002128420200179838’, ‘’, ’  
aCaixa’, 4110278, ‘N’) (ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid)  
from ./script/…/config/…/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/  
active\_record/  
onnection\_adapters/sqlserver\_adapter.rb:279:in `insert' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/ active_record/ ase.rb:1739:in`create\_without\_callbacks’  
from ./script/…/config/…/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/  
active\_record/  
allbacks.rb:261:in `create_without_timestamps' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/ active_record/ imestamp.rb:30:in`create’  
from ./script/…/config/…/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/  
active\_record/  
ase.rb:1718:in `create_or_update_without_callbacks' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/ active_record/ allbacks.rb:249:in`create\_or\_update’  
from ./script/…/config/…/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/  
active\_record/  
ase.rb:1392:in `save_without_validation' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/ active_record/ alidations.rb:724:in`save\_without\_transactions’  
… 10 levels…  
from c:/ruby/lib/ruby/site\_ruby/1.8/rubygems/  
custom\_require.rb:21:in `e al' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/ commands/runner.rb 27 from c:/ruby/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/ custom_require.rb:21:in`r  
quire’  
from script/runner:3

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 19, 2006, 7:03pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/13 "2006-07-19T19:03:03Z")

</div>

RE: the DateTime coersion problem:  
I’ve just accepted the incompatibility and convert as needed between  
ruby  
types.  
'Course, I’m originally from the VB world, where coersion of types is an  
everyday struggle.

I think changes to the sqlserver adapter in this have the _potential_ to  
break existing overcompensations. So please strongly highlight the  
documented change for users.

Thanks!

PS: running several apps on SQLServer and coming up with workarounds for  
serveral gnarly issues of rails -vs- enterprise sql server  
installations.

## –

## Apple MacBook. Black. It’s the new White!

Peter F.

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 19, 2006, 6:28pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/14 "2006-07-19T18:28:11Z")

</div>

On 19/07/06, Xavier N. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid) wrote:

> I found an issue last week. Using Date attributes back and forth  
> worked flawlessly in SQL Server until a one in Spanish entered the  
> project. The convertion fails with an out of range, but in the  
> googling I’ve done looks like the ISO format the adapter uses is not  
> language dependent, so I can’t understand what happens.

Could you send me the schema for that table and any other information  
you think might be useful (such as a translation of the trace?) and  
I’ll take a look at it. Does it fail with all dates or just certain  
dates? What happens if you run the activerecord test suite against  
the same (or similar) database?

Normally the best thing to do would be to submit a bug in trac, but I  
appreciate trac is currently down . . .

Tom

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 19, 2006, 7:12pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/15 "2006-07-19T19:12:20Z")

</div>

On Jul 19, 2006, at 18:26, Tom W. wrote:

> On 19/07/06, Xavier N. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid) wrote:
> 
> > I found an issue last week. Using Date attributes back and forth  
> > worked flawlessly in SQL Server until a one in Spanish entered the  
> > project. The convertion fails with an out of range, but in the  
> > googling I’ve done looks like the ISO format the adapter uses is not  
> > language dependent, so I can’t understand what happens.
> 
> Could you send me the schema for that table and any other information  
> you think might be useful (such as a translation of the trace?)

Absolutely, the trace says “the conversion from datatype char to  
datetime gave a datetime value out of range”.

> and  
> I’ll take a look at it. Does it fail with all dates or just certain  
> dates?

The first time it tries to use those, in this case for an insert. I  
don’t know which is the offending field (I don’t have access to that  
machine to debug this properly unfortunately, only some contact now  
and then). Nevertheless, the three fields are set to the same dat,  
which is 2006-07-14. The SQL looks fine to me.

> What happens if you run the activerecord test suite against  
> the same (or similar) database?
> 
> Normally the best thing to do would be to submit a bug in trac, but I  
> appreciate trac is currently down . . .

Yeah, if that reminds you of something off the top of your head  
that’d be good. Otherwise I’ll try to report this when Trac comes back.

Thank you for taking over maintenance of this adapter, I’ve been  
using it flawlessly in production for weeks.

– fxn

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 19, 2006, 7:15pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/16 "2006-07-19T19:15:37Z")

</div>

Peter,

Glad to hear I’m not the only one hitting SQL Server. And I’m doing it  
from Linux to boot :).

Wes (weyus at att dot net)

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 19, 2006, 7:24pm UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/17 "2006-07-19T19:24:35Z")

</div>

On Jul 19, 2006, at 19:09, Xavier N. wrote:

> The first time it tries to use those, in this case for an insert. I  
> don’t know which is the offending field (I don’t have access to  
> that machine to debug this properly unfortunately, only some  
> contact now and then). Nevertheless, the three fields are set to  
> the same dat, which is 2006-07-14. The SQL looks fine to me.

Let me add that application run just fine in that very machine at the  
beginning of the month, and crashed afterwards. My conjecture is that  
day 14 is being interpreted as month 14 somewhere. I have no evidence  
for that, only that roughly coincides with the time when it started  
to fail there. I say roughly because the application is only run some  
days, so exactly on day 13 there was no execution.

Another relevant bit that contributes to weakly to that conjecture is  
that in Spanish the standard way to format days is dd-mm-yyyy, which  
reverses days and months from mm-dd-yyyy. Nothing of this seems  
relevant since the SQL uses a ISO format understood by SQL Server  
which is neither of those. But, well, just in case.

– fxn

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 20, 2006, 11:13am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/18 "2006-07-20T11:13:58Z")

</div>

On 19/07/06, Xavier N. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid) wrote:

> day 14 is being interpreted as month 14 somewhere. I have no evidence  
> for that, only that roughly coincides with the time when it started  
> to fail there. I say roughly because the application is only run some  
> days, so exactly on day 13 there was no execution.

Soundds a reasonable theory, though I would have thought SQL Server  
should still have recognised the date as supplied. I’ll try and see  
if I can recreate the problem in any way this weekend.

Thanks for the extra info.

Tom

---

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**Author:** ![weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/7ab992/32.png) [@weyus](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/weyus)\
**Post date:** [July 20, 2006, 11:20am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/inserting-datetime-value-into-sql-server/98768/19 "2006-07-20T11:20:48Z")

</div>

On 19/07/06, Peter F. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid) wrote:

> I think changes to the sqlserver adapter in this have the _potential_ to  
> break existing overcompensations. So please strongly highlight the  
> documented change for users.

Will do. All changes will be against trunk and so won’t get released  
until 1.2 at the earliest. I don’t want to rewrite my own  
applications so I’m very sympathetic to exsiting users.

> PS: running several apps on SQLServer and coming up with workarounds for  
> serveral gnarly issues of rails -vs- enterprise sql server installations.

Anything that might be useful to the rest of us? We’re running a  
number of apps on rails/linux/sqlserver and haven’t come across too  
many nasty problems, but any info about potential problems/solutions  
is always welcome.

Tom
