# Circular require in openssl

**URL:** <https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/circular-require-in-openssl/160358>\
**Category:** Development\
**Created:** [February 15, 2009, 10:07am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/circular-require-in-openssl/160358 "2009-02-15T10:07:18Z")\
**Posts on this page:** 9\
**Page:** 1

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/t/c67d28/32.png) [@Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/Tanaka_A)\
**Post date:** [February 15, 2009, 10:07am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/circular-require-in-openssl/160358/1 "2009-02-15T10:07:18Z")

</div>

e$B0J2\<$N$h$&$K!“e(Bopenssl e$B$K$O4D\>u$Ne(B require  
e$B$,$”$j!"7Y9p$,=P$^$9!#e(B

% ./ruby -v -ropenssl -e ‘’  
ruby 1.9.2dev (2009-02-15 trunk 22317) [i686-linux]  
/home/ruby/ancdata/lib/ruby/1.9.1/i686-linux/openssl.so: warning:  
loading in progress, circular require considered harmful -  
/home/ruby/ancdata/lib/ruby/1.9.1/openssl.rb  
/home/ruby/ancdata/lib/ruby/1.9.1/openssl/ssl.rb:17: warning: loading in  
progress, circular require considered harmful -  
/home/ruby/ancdata/lib/ruby/1.9.1/openssl.rb  
/home/ruby/ancdata/lib/ruby/1.9.1/openssl/x509.rb:17: warning: loading  
in progress, circular require considered harmful -  
/home/ruby/ancdata/lib/ruby/1.9.1/openssl.rb

e$B$3$l$r\>C$7$?$$$N$G$9$,!"$I$&$9$k$N$,$$$$$G$7$g$&$+!#e(B

require e$B$9$k$H$-$Oe(B require ‘openssl’ e$B$H$7$J$5$$!"$H$$$&$3$He(B  
e$B$K$7$F$7$^$&$N$G$"$l$P!"2\<$K$D$1$?%Q%C%A$G2DG=$G$9!#e(B

e$B$?$@!"$3$l$@$He(B require “openssl/ssl” e$B$J$I$H$7$F$$$k$H$3$m$Oe(B  
e$B$\<$s$V=q$-49$($kI,MW$,$"$j$^$9!#E:IU$5$l$F$$$kCf$K$Oe(B  
lib/net/pop.rb e$B$He(B lib/net/imap.rb e$B$,$"$j$^$7$?!#e(B

require e$B$9$k$H$3$m$r=q$-49$($J$/$F$b$$$$$h$&$K$9$k$N$be(B \*.rb  
e$B$J%U%!%$%k$rG$KA}$d$;$P2DG=$G$O$"$j$^$9$,!"$I$&$9$k$N$,$$$$e(B  
e$B$G$9$+$M$’!#e(B

# Index: ext/openssl/ossl\_digest.c

— ext/openssl/ossl\_digest.c (revision 22326)  
+++ ext/openssl/ossl\_digest.c (working copy)  
@@ -233,7 +233,6 @@ ossl\_digest\_block\_length(VALUE self)  
void  
Init\_ossl\_digest()  
{

- rb\_require(“openssl”);  
rb\_require(“digest”);

# #if 0 /\* let rdoc know about mOSSL \*/ Index: ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb

— ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (revision 22326)  
+++ ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (working copy)  
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@  
$Id$  
=end

-require “openssl”  
require “openssl/buffering”  
require “fcntl”

# Index: ext/openssl/lib/openssl/x509.rb

— ext/openssl/lib/openssl/x509.rb (revision 22326)  
+++ ext/openssl/lib/openssl/x509.rb (working copy)  
@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@  
$Id$  
=end

## -require “openssl”

# module OpenSSL module X509 class ExtensionFactory Index: lib/net/pop.rb

— lib/net/pop.rb (revision 22326)  
+++ lib/net/pop.rb (working copy)  
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ require ‘digest/md5’  
require ‘timeout’

begin

- require “openssl/ssl”

- require “openssl”  
rescue LoadError  
end

# Index: lib/net/imap.rb

— lib/net/imap.rb (revision 22326)  
+++ lib/net/imap.rb (working copy)  
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ require “monitor”  
require “digest/md5”  
require “strscan”  
begin

- require “openssl/ssl”

- require “openssl”  
rescue LoadError  
end

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/t/c67d28/32.png) [@Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/Tanaka_A)\
**Post date:** [February 15, 2009, 11:00am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/circular-require-in-openssl/160358/2 "2009-02-15T11:00:03Z")

</div>

In article [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid),  
Tanaka A. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid) writes:

> require e$B$9$k$H$3$m$r=q$-49$($J$/$F$b$$$$$h$&$K$9$k$N$be(B \*.rb  
> e$B$J%U%!%$%k$rG$KA}$d$;$P2DG=$G$O$“$j$^$9$,!”$I$&$9$k$N$,$$$$e(B  
> e$B$G$9$+$M$'!#e(B

e$B$$$d!"G$C$F$N$O8@$$$9$.e(B (e$B0lHL2=$7$9$.e(B) e$B$G$9$M!#e(B

openssl/ssl.rb e$B$He(B openssl/x509.rb e$B$@$1BP=h$9$l$PA}$d$9%U%!%$e(B  
e$B%k$Oe(B 2e$B$D$G:Q$\_$^$9$+!#e(B

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/t/c67d28/32.png) [@Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/Tanaka_A)\
**Post date:** [February 16, 2009, 9:27am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/circular-require-in-openssl/160358/3 "2009-02-16T09:27:22Z")

</div>

e$B$^$D$b$He(B e$B$f$-$R$m$G$9e(B

In message “Re: [ruby-dev:38019] Re: circular require in openssl”  
on Sun, 15 Feb 2009 18:56:06 +0900, Tanaka A. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid)  
writes:

|\> require e$B$9$k$H$3$m$r=q$-49$($J$/$F$b$$$$$h$&$K$9$k$N$be(B \*.rb  
|\> e$B$J%U%!%$%k$rG$KA}$d$;$P2DG=$G$O$“$j$^$9$,!”$I$&$9$k$N$,$$$$e(B  
|\> e$B$G$9$+$M$'!#e(B  
|  
|e$B$$$d!"G$C$F$N$O8@$$$9$.e(B (e$B0lHL2=$7$9$.e(B) e$B$G$9$M!#e(B  
|  
|openssl/ssl.rb e$B$He(B openssl/x509.rb e$B$@$1BP=h$9$l$PA}$d$9%U%!%$e(B  
|e$B%k$Oe(B 2e$B$D$G:Q$\_$^$9$+!#e(B

e$BFs$D$J$iBE6($G$-$k$h$&$J!#e(B

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/t/c67d28/32.png) [@Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/Tanaka_A)\
**Post date:** [February 16, 2009, 9:36am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/circular-require-in-openssl/160358/4 "2009-02-16T09:36:50Z")

</div>

In article [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid),  
Yukihiro M. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid) writes:

> |openssl/ssl.rb e$B$He(B openssl/x509.rb e$B$@$1BP=h$9$l$PA}$d$9%U%!%$e(B  
> |e$B%k$Oe(B 2e$B$D$G:Q$\_$^$9$+!#e(B
> 
> e$BFs$D$J$iBE6($G$-$k$h$&$J!#e(B

e$B$=$C$A$NJ}8~$G$d$k$J$i!"e(B

- e$B2~L\>$9$ke(B  
openssl/ssl.rb → openssl/ssl-foo.rb e$B$H$+e(B  
openssl/x509.rb → openssl/x509-foo.rb e$B$H$+e(B
- require ‘openssl’ e$B$@$1$NFbMF$N%U%!%$%k$r$D$/$ke(B  
openssl/ssl.rb  
openssl/x509.rb
- openssl e$BFb$Ne(B require e$B$rJQ$($ke(B  
openssl.rb e$B$G$Oe(B openssl/ssl-foo.rb, openssl/x509-foo.rb e$B$re(B  
require e$B$9$ke(B

e$B$H$J$k$s$G$9$,!"L\>A0$O2?$,$$$$$G$9$+$M!#e(B  
openssl/ssl-internal.rb e$B$H$+e(B?

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/t/c67d28/32.png) [@Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/Tanaka_A)\
**Post date:** [February 16, 2009, 9:59am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/circular-require-in-openssl/160358/5 "2009-02-16T09:59:44Z")

</div>

In article [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid),  
Nobuyoshi N. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid) writes:

> e$BC1$K$=$NFs$D$G$Oe(B require ‘openssl.so’ e$B$K$9$k$@$1$G$OB-$j$J$$$s$Ge(B  
> e$B$7$g$&$+!#e(B

e$B;n$7$F$^$;$s$,!"$$$^$^$G!"e(Bopenssl/ssl e$B$re(B require  
e$B$7$F$$$?%"e(B  
e$B%W%j%1!\<%7%g%s$,!"e(Bopenssl/digest e$B$J$I$rMxMQ$G$-$J$/$J$C$?$je(B  
e$B$7$J$$$G$7$g$&$+!#e(B

openssl.so e$B$@$1$G$J$/!“e(Bopenssl.rb e$BFb$Ne(B require  
e$B$9$Y$F$re(B  
openssl/ssl.rb e$B$He(B openssl/x509.rb e$B$KE83+$7$F$7$^$&$N$G$”$l$Pe(B  
e$B$$$$$+$b$7$l$^$;$s!#e(B

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/t/c67d28/32.png) [@Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/Tanaka_A)\
**Post date:** [February 16, 2009, 9:49am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/circular-require-in-openssl/160358/6 "2009-02-16T09:49:09Z")

</div>

e$B$J$+$@$G$9!#e(B

At Mon, 16 Feb 2009 17:36:32 +0900,  
Tanaka A. wrote in [ruby-dev:38027]:

> > |openssl/ssl.rb e$B$He(B openssl/x509.rb e$B$@$1BP=h$9$l$PA}$d$9%U%!%$e(B  
> > |e$B%k$Oe(B 2e$B$D$G:Q$\_$^$9$+!#e(B
> > 
> > e$BFs$D$J$iBE6($G$-$k$h$&$J!#e(B
> 
> e$B$=$C$A$NJ}8~$G$d$k$J$i!"e(B

e$BC1$K$=$NFs$D$G$Oe(B require ‘openssl.so’  
e$B$K$9$k$@$1$G$OB-$j$J$$$s$Ge(B  
e$B$7$g$&$+!#e(B

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/t/c67d28/32.png) [@Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/Tanaka_A)\
**Post date:** [February 16, 2009, 11:10am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/circular-require-in-openssl/160358/7 "2009-02-16T11:10:54Z")

</div>

In article [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid),  
Tanaka A. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid) writes:

> openssl.so e$B$@$1$G$J$/!“e(Bopenssl.rb e$BFb$Ne(B require e$B$9$Y$F$re(B  
> openssl/ssl.rb e$B$He(B openssl/x509.rb e$B$KE83+$7$F$7$^$&$N$G$”$l$Pe(B  
> e$B$$$$$+$b$7$l$^$;$s!#e(B

e$B$$$d!"$=$l$@$He(B openssl/ssl e$B$He(B openssl/x509 e$B$,Aj8\_$Ke(B  
require  
e$B$9$k$3$H$K$J$C$A$c$$$^$9$M!#e(B

e$B$d$O$j!“6/O"7k@.J,e(B (e$B:#2s$N\>l9ge(B openssl, openssl/ssl,  
openssl/x509 e$B$Ne(B 3e$B$De(B) e$B$N$I$l$re(B require  
e$B$7$F$b:#$^$G$HF1$8%i%$e(B  
e$B%V%i%j$,%m!\<%I$5$l$k$h$&$K$9$k$K$O!”$J$K$+$7$i0\F0$9$kI,MW$,e(B  
e$B$"$k$h$&$K;W$$$^$9!#e(B

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/t/c67d28/32.png) [@Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/Tanaka_A)\
**Post date:** [February 18, 2009, 5:56am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/circular-require-in-openssl/160358/8 "2009-02-18T05:56:30Z")

</div>

In article [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid),  
Nobuyoshi N. [removed\_email\_address@domain.invalid](mailto:removed_email_address@domain.invalid) writes:

> e$B$`$7$mMxMQ$G$-$k$[$&$,$\*$+$7$$5$$,$7$^$;$s$+!#e(B

e$B$=$&$+$b$7$l$^$;$s$M!#e(B

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/t/c67d28/32.png) [@Tanaka\_A](https://www.ruby-forum.com/u/Tanaka_A)\
**Post date:** [February 18, 2009, 5:03am UTC](https://www.ruby-forum.com/t/circular-require-in-openssl/160358/9 "2009-02-18T05:03:19Z")

</div>

e$B$J$+$@$G$9!#e(B

At Mon, 16 Feb 2009 17:58:50 +0900,  
Tanaka A. wrote in [ruby-dev:38030]:

> > e$BC1$K$=$NFs$D$G$Oe(B require ‘openssl.so’ e$B$K$9$k$@$1$G$OB-$j$J$$$s$Ge(B  
> > e$B$7$g$&$+!#e(B
> 
> e$B;n$7$F$^$;$s$,!"$$$^$^$G!"e(Bopenssl/ssl e$B$re(B require e$B$7$F$$$?%"e(B  
> e$B%W%j%1!\<%7%g%s$,!"e(Bopenssl/digest e$B$J$I$rMxMQ$G$-$J$/$J$C$?$je(B  
> e$B$7$J$$$G$7$g$&$+!#e(B

e$B$`$7$mMxMQ$G$-$k$[$&$,$\*$+$7$$5$$,$7$^$;$s$+!#e(B